XLRI

XLRI was founded in 1949 by Fr Quinn Enright, S.J. in the Steel City of Jamshedpur. Fr. Enright visualized XLRI to be a partner in the liberation and development journey of the independent India with a vision of "renewing the face of the earth". Fr. Bill Tome joined hands with him to bring that vision to fruition. Both, together with the other Jesuit companions, worked tirelessly towards translating the Vision "Renewing the face of the earth" into action.

Over many years XLRI has developed its own identity. The hall mark of this identity is, not to walk on the beaten path but to strike new routes; not to benchmark but to be benchmarked, to be second to none but to be the first to respond to the needs of the people and the nation, by taking up the tasks which are bold but necessary which nobody has hitherto taken up.This enterprising and pioneering spirit can be witnessed throughout the history of XLRI.

The Principle of Relativity

In order to attain the greatest possible clearness, let us return to our example of the railway carriage supposed to be travelling uniformly. We call its motion a uniform translation ("uniform" because it is of constant velocity and direction, " translation " because although the carriage changes its position relative to the embankment yet it does not rotate in so doing). Let us imagine a raven flying through the air in such a manner that its motion, as observed from the embankment, is uniform and in a straight line. If we were to observe the flying raven from the moving railway carriage. we should find that the motion of the raven would be one of different velocity and direction, but that it would still be uniform and in a straight line. Expressed in an abstract manner we may say : If a mass m is moving uniformly in a straight line with respect to a co-ordinate system K, then it will also be moving uniformly and in a straight line relative to a second co-ordinate system K¹ provided that the latter is executing a uniform translatory motion with respect to K. In accordance with the discussion contained in the preceding section, it follows that:

If K is a Galileian co-ordinate system. then every other co-ordinate system K' is a Galileian one, when, in relation to K, it is in a condition of uniform motion of translation. Relative to K¹ the mechanical laws of Galilei-Newton hold good exactly as they do with respect to K.

We advance a step farther in our generalisation when we express the tenet thus: If, relative to K, K¹ is a uniformly moving co-ordinate system devoid of rotation, then natural phenomena run their course with respect to K¹ according to exactly the same general laws as with respect to K. This statement is called the principle of relativity (in the restricted sense).

As long as one was convinced that all natural phenomena were capable of representation with the help of classical mechanics, there was no need to doubt the validity of this principle of relativity. But in view of the more recent development of electrodynamics and optics it became more and more evident that classical mechanics affords an insufficient foundation for the physical description of all natural phenomena. At this juncture the question of the validity of the principle of relativity became ripe for discussion, and it did not appear impossible that the answer to this question might be in the negative. 

Wireless and Power Line Data Communication Systems

by Tamal Gope, Sahil Modi & Brijesh Yadav

In recent times there has been a large growth in the number of small communications networks in the home or office. Cash registers, burglar alarms, computers and their peripherals all rely on small interconnected networks. A number of networking technologies are aimed purely at implementing these small home networks. Many remain costly, overly limited, or difficult to install in pre-existing buildings. This book details on these Communication Networking concepts. It goes on to demonstrate the wireless data transmission techniques and the power line data communication systems. The book aims to thoroughly explore the theoretical and practical aspects of power line carrier and wireless communications techniques.

As an engineering student, I had a special interest in Computer Networks. I have also felt the need for a book that had computer network theory basics along with a practical methodology to it. Special focus on real time networking concepts is the feature of this book. This book intends to have an impact on readers who look upon to have a practical, example oriented methodology.

This book gives an exhaustive reference on all computer networking concepts - from OSI model to RAID to FTP servers, this also has reference on networking concepts in Linux/UNIX environment - Installation & Configuring a Samba Server. Ranging over 300 pages, this also has glossary and appendix on all networking terminologies. Fully illustrated diagrams and tables help in grasping and understanding the concepts better. An additional chapter on Cable Creation and troubleshooting techniques also differentiates this book as a more practically approached methodology in networking. Special detail to attention on CCNA concepts and tested practice papers further helps the purpose to create a complete networking book.

This book has a lot more detailing than the books available in the market on the same subject. Most books when it comes to Computer network concepts treats the reader on the assumption that they already know something about computer networks beforehand which is usually not the case. So, I have made it sure that the book doesn’t miss out on Detailing aspects enabling virtually every reader to understand it in the first reading (Not the 3^rd or the 4^th time as is the case usually.)

As we all know, the soft skills demanded by the industry is vastly different than the syllabus taught at undergraduate colleges. The result is that the students have to waste their time and resources over extra coaching of the soft skills demanded by the industry. By reading this book, students won’t have to worry about taking special classes for these skills like CCNA, CCNP etc. In short, this book will help them prepare not only for the university or the college exams but for the professional world too.

Size 14 women are ‘happiest with life’

Happiness, it seems, comes with curves, for a new poll has found that size 14 women are the happiest with their life and looks.

 

According to the study, girls who wear the dress size rated their general happiness higher than any other with a quarter saying they were extremely happy. 

More than 43% of size 14 women also said they were as happy as they could be with their career, while almost a third say they couldn’t be more content with their love life. Second happiest were size 12s, followed by sizes 8, 16 and 10, reports the Sun. 

A spokesman for Special K, which polled 3,000 women, said: “It’s great to discover that being a size zero wouldn’t necessarily bring you happiness. Size 14 woman are much more comfortable with their shape and have a happier outlook.” 

The poll found that women size 24 or above were most miserable, with nearly one in five “extremely unhappy” with life. Less than 4% were happy with their career, and one in ten were extremely unhappy with their lovelife, the study also found.

LATEST ICC RANKINGS

ICC Test Championship

23 Dec 2008

Team	Matches	Points	Rating
Australia	34	4409	130
India	43	5071	118
South Africa	37	4331	117
Sri Lanka	28	3032	108
England	41	4213	103
Pakistan	19	1895	100
West Indies	25	2034	81
New Zealand	30	2426	81
Bangladesh	20	0	0

ICC ODI Championship

30 Nov 2008

Team	Matches	Points	Rating
Australia	28	3658	131
South Africa	29	3451	119
India	41	4865	119
Pakistan	28	3182	114
New Zealand	24	2714	113
England	32	3469	108
Sri Lanka	32	3416	107
West Indies	24	2178	91
Bangladesh	32	1494	47
Ireland	10	190	19
Zimbabwe	22	280	13
Kenya	7	75	11

Click here to access the full rankings on www.icc-cricket.com

South Africa does it AGAIN

South Africa has secured the most significant success in its cricketing history. It was a triumph that reached beyond sport. When Hashim Amla flicked another ball off his pads and scampered the winning run, he achieved more than a mere victory. It was a stroke that spoke for generations of Indian cricketers unable to compete for places in the national team. Suddenly they knew their records meant something, that they had been right, the champions of previous generations could play the game. When JP Duminy constructed his accomplished innings, he was representing a coloured community that languished for so many years in a twilight world. When Makhaya Ntini took wickets, he was uplifting downtrodden tribes. If hearts swelled with pride across the country it'd hardly be surprising. Others rejoiced in the peaceful revolution that made it possible.

Miraculously these varied characters were all playing for the same side. For so many hard decades it seemed a ridiculous dream, like the removal of the Berlin Wall. Yet there it was before our eyes, a devout Muslim stroking the decisive runs alongside a belatedly sane Salty Dick ( the term used by locals convinced that Englishmen have one foot in Africa and one in Australia). And there was Graeme Smith hugging Duminy and old stagers with tears in their eyes and Jacques Kallis taking his wife out to inspect the pitch and managers and support staff smiling from ear to ear. Rugby had led the way and now cricket has played its part. Amidst the crime and corruption there is hope.

And yet in this long awaited moment, this moment of exaltation, the South Africans behaved impeccably. Far from parading around in the disrespectful manner displayed by both parties last summer, before congratulating each other, the batsmen shook hands with opponents and umpires. Nor did their team-mates forget themselves when they came onto the field. For their part the Australians were gracious, none more so than Ricky Ponting at the awards ceremony. His team had been beaten fair and square. Australia had won both tosses. Far from claiming a low catch, too, Smith asked the umpires to check its legitimacy. Pity that did not happen last summer.

South Africa played intelligently, consistently and with the utmost determination. Throughout, Smith's side remained calm in adversity and retained confidence in itself. By no means has its rise been an overnight sensation. To the contrary, the team has been rising steadily throughout the year and even between matches. After failing in Perth, the visiting tailenders worked at their batting and played a vital role at the MCG. Unimpressed with their contributions in the first match, the fast bowlers toiled hard and improved markedly. Changes were also made between innings, with Neil McKenzie playing forward and Smith using a deeper mid-off for Matthew Hayden. Of course, the tourists caught superbly in the slips and ran sharply between innings. South Africa have played a lot of good cricket. Australia relied on superb individual performances from accomplished batsmen.

Along the way Australia have taken part in three of the greatest series ever staged, in the Caribbean, India and England. Always it has taken a mighty effort to bring them down, and that remains the case. Australia may not have been liked but they have commanded respected, sometimes amounting to fear. It has been a time of Waugh and Glenn McGrath and Shane Warne and broken moulds. But nothing lasts forever and now it is someone else's turn.

Target Rating Point's

A Television Rating Point (TRP) is a measure of the purchased television rating points representing an estimate of the component of the target audience within the gross audience. Similar to GRP (gross rating point)  it is measured as the sum of ratings achieved by a specific media vehicle of the target audience reached by an advertisement. For example, if an advertisement appears more than once, reaching the entire gross audience, the TRP figure the sum of each individual GRP multiplied by the estimated target audience in the gross audience.

In the case of a TV advertisement that is aired 5 times reaching 50% of the gross audience with only 60% in the target audience, it would have 250 GRPs (= 5 x 50) -- ie, GRPs = reach x frequency - TRP in this case should be 60% out of 250 GRPs = 150 TRPs - this is the rating point in the target, 60% of the gross rating.

Both of these metrics are critical components to determine the marketing effectiveness of a particular advertisement.

Television Rating Points - TRP is the criterion that indicates the popularity of a channel or programme and this data is very useful for the advertisers Presently, INTAM (Indian Television Audience Measurement) is the only electronic rating agency functioning in India. INTAM uses two methodologies for calculating TRP. First is frequency monitoring, in which 'people meters' are installed in sample homes and these electronic gadgets continuously record data about the channel watched by the family members. 'People meter' is a costly equipment, which is imported from abroad. It reads the frequencies of channels, which are later, decoded into the name of the channels and the agency prepares a national data on the basis of its sample homes readings. But there is a drawback in the technique, as cable operators frequently change the frequencies of the different channels before sending signals to the homes. It may be very misleading to read a channel according to a particular frequency even if the down linking frequency is same all over India.

Second technique is more reliable and relatively new to India. In picture matching technique people meter continuously records a small portion of the picture that is being watched on that particular television set. Along with this agency also records all the channels' data in the form of small picture portion. Data collected from the sample homes is later on matched with the main data bank to interpret the channel name. And this way national rating is produced. 1 year ago

OLYMPICS 2008

The 2008 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXIX Olympiad, will be celebrated in Beijing, People's Republic of China from August 8 to August 24, 2008 and followed by the 2008 Summer Paralympics from September 6 to September 17. Ten thousand, five hundred athletes are expected to compete in 302 events in 28 sports, just one event more than was on the schedule of the 2004 games. The 2008 Beijing Olympics will also mark the third time that Olympic events will have been held in the territories of two different National Olympic Committees at the 2008 Olympics, equestrian events will be held in Hong Kong, which competes separately from mainland China.

The Olympic games were awarded to Beijing after an exhaustive ballot of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) on July 13, 2001. The official logo of the games, titled "Dancing Beijing," features a stylized calligraphic character jīng (京, meaning capital), referencing the host city. The mascots of Beijing 2008 are the five Fuwa, each representing both a colour of the Olympic rings and a symbol of Chinese culture. The Olympic slogan, One World, One Dream, calls upon the world to unite in the Olympic spirit. Several new NOCs have also been recognized by the IOC.

The Chinese government has promoted the games to highlight China's emergence on the world stage and has invested heavily in new facilities and transportation systems. A total of 37 venues will be used to host the events including 12 newly constructed venues. Earlier in 2007, former IOC president Juan Antonio Samaranch had said that he believes that the Beijing games will be "the best in Olympic history, and despite the controversies that have marred the image of the Chinese Olympics, current president Jacques Rogge asserts that the IOC has "absolutely no regrets" in choosing Beijing to host the 2008 games.

N.I.T BHOPAL ::{ { My Alma Matter}}

Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India (formerly Maulana Azad College of Technology, MACT), is one of the first eight Regional Engineering Colleges in India. The institute has been named after the great scholar, educationist and the first education Minister of Govt. of India, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad. The Govt. of India and Govt. of Madhya Pradesh jointly sponsored the then MACT (a Regional Engineering College) in 1960 to attract bright young students from across the country. The Institute is successfully meeting the objective of producing skilled manpower of the highest quality who is able to cope up with challenges of ever evolving industrial needs of the country.

The Institute is situated in the heart of Bhopal on southern side. The verdant 650-acre (2.6 km²) campus, on a beautiful plateau, houses, about 400 faculty and 1500 students who enjoy excellent facilities of laboratories that are well equipped. Over the past 40 years of the effective existence the laboratories have not only at attained maturity and confidence but also shaped themselves as Center for Excellence for higher education.

MANIT has students from all parts of the country. Student life revolves around the college campus and hostels. College has Hostel facility with round the clock net connectivity, electricity, water, security, canteen and other facilities for students. There are separate hostels for students who are in different academic years. Other than these hostels, Hostels for post graduation students are also available. All the hostels have a care taker, an assistant warden and a warden separately. A Chief warden is head of all hostels and post is held by senior Professor of college.

Apart from Indian students, candidates from many countries such as Kuwait, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Mauritius, Malaysia, Iran, United Arab Emirates and Oman also join MANIT for various undergraduate and post-graduate programs.

The college has active student life with various student organizations that include Drishtant (The literary society), iBC,ISTE(Technical Community), Vision (Science community),The Edboard,.etc. The students learn a lot more than mere academics. They are made into good entrepreneurs.

The year 2007-08 saw an unprecedented 662 job offers being made to MANITians from 64 companies. The year also saw a marked increase in the number of core jobs to an extent that the core fields seem promising. Many students had 2 offers and some even had 3 or more jobs. The institute boasts of very good placements with leading companies like Microsoft, Google,Verizon, HP Labs, Accenture , Aricent, CSC, IBM, Intel, Amdocs, Analog Devices, Reliance, Essar, TIME, LG, C-Dot, Capgemini, Honda, Hindalco, Samsung, BPCL, Bajaj Verizon, Career Launcher, Vedanta, Nestle, Areva TnD, DRDO, ABB, Tata Motors, Maruti, Pepsico, IOCL, NTPC, BHEL, Alstom, Satyam, TCS, Infosys, Wipro, Conexant, Cognizant, HCC, L&T etc. visiting the institute for placement.

cELLO mANIA

In our modernized world, we all like or we can say addicted to use the most latest and fancy gadgets. But we don’t care for the harm they are doing to us, as it doesn’t appear sharply. The gadget like cell phone, we even can’t think about our life without it. In India the cell phone business is in flow. India at now is a home of 200 million mobile phone user with 60 million being added each month.

Phone too creates health problems. Cell phone usage has been suspect for time for the health hazards it poses. Studies have shown that people who use cell phone for long periods face the risk of developing malignant brain tumors; or it could lead to hearing impairment and sleep disorders and memory lapses. According to a survey, conducted by a Swedish scientist, indicates that’s an hour a day on a mobile phone for a decade is enough to increase the risk. Those who are much more addicted to their phones have double chances of developing a brain tumor on the side of skull where they held their handsets for over 10 years. The scientists have said to strictly prohibit children to use mobile phones because their thinner skull and developing nervous system made them especially vulnerable. This phone anxiety has added a new term in its dictionary and it is ringxiety. According to the psychiatrist it is a phenomenon in which users imagine their phone ringing or feel it vibrate when it is actually doesn’t.

For this there is no permanent solution since there is no replacement to phone, as it has become our essential part of living that is we can’t remove phone from our life but we can reduce its usage to have a painless and secure life. And yah the children must be discouraged to use mobile phones as they are our future generation.

The "Babylonian" Brotherhood

As the flood waters receded after the Venus cataclysm the survivors came down from the mountains and up from within the Earth. They settled on the lowlands and plains and began to rebuild. This was when Sumer, Egypt and the civilization in the Indus Valley suddenly appeared at a very high level of technological advancement, although they had existed before and were now restored after the upheavals. The Sumerian society began at the peak of its development because of this sudden infusion of knowledge and the white Aryan race, originally from Mars, expanded out from the Caucasus Mountains and the Near East down into Sumer, Egypt and the Indus Valley where, as even conventional history agrees, highly advanced societies spontaneously emerged. However within this white race, and others also, was a genetic stream I will call reptile-Aryan or reptile-human. Whenever I use the term Aryan I am referring to the white race. These were the crossbreed bloodlines created from the genetic manipulation of the Anunnaki. The major centre for the reptile-Aryan bloodlines, in the ancient world after the flood waters receded, was Babylon in the south of the Sumer region alongside the River Euphrates. A closer look at the evidence appears to date the foundation of Babylon far earlier than previously believed and it\ was one of the first cities of the post-flood era. It was here that the mystery schools and secret societies were formed which were to span the globe in the thousands of years that followed. The Brotherhood which controls the world today is the modern expression of the Babylonian Brotherhood of reptile-Aryan priests and ‘royalty’ which came together there after the flood. It was in Babylon in this post-flood period from around 6,000 years ago that the foundation beliefs - manipulated beliefs - of today’s world religions were established to control and rule the people.

Genetics : The Science of Heredity

Genetics is the science of heredity and variation in living organisms. Knowledge of the inheritance of characteristics has been implicitly used since prehistoric times for improving crop plants and animals through selective breeding. However, the modern science of genetics, which seeks to understand the mechanisms of inheritance, only began with the work of Gregor Mendel in the mid-1800s.^[3] Although he did not know the physical basis for heredity, Mendel observed that inheritance is fundamentally a discrete process with specific traits that are inherited in an independent manner — these basic units of inheritance are now called genes.

Following the rediscovery of Mendel's observations in the early 1900s, research in 1910s yielded the first physical understanding of inheritance — that genes are arranged linearly along large cellular structures called chromosomes. By the 1950s it was understood that the core of a chromosome was a long molecule called DNA and genes existed as linear sections within the molecule. A single strand of DNA is a chain of four types of nucleotides; hereditary information is contained within the sequence of these nucleotides. Solved by Watson and Crick in 1953, DNA's three-dimensional structure is a double-stranded helix, with the nucleotides on each strand complementary to each other. Each strand acts as a template for synthesis of a new partner strand, providing the physical mechanism for the inheritance of information.

The sequence of nucleotides in DNA is used to produce specific sequences of amino acids, creating proteins — a correspondence known as the "genetic code". This sequence of amino acids in a protein determines how it folds into a three-dimensional structure, this structure is in turn responsible for the protein's function. Proteins are responsible for almost all functional roles in the cell. A change to DNA sequence can change a protein's structure and behavior, and this can have dramatic consequences in the cell and on the organism as a whole.

Ancient Rome and the Republic

According to Roman legend, Rome was founded in 753 BC by the twins named Romulus and Remus. They built their settlements on the Palatine and Aventine hills respectively. (Rome sits on seven hills.) Remus grew jealous of Romulus and mocked the size of the walls he had built, so Romulus killed him. He then named the city after himself and was crowned king. Whether or not this story is true, it highlights the warlike origins of Rome. Around 753 BC the foundations of one of the most powerful empires in history were laid - one which would shake the very foundations of the world.

The Romans' own accounts and historical evidence suggests that, for several hundred years after its founding, Rome was ruled by kings from the nearby land of Etruria. The Etruscans were very oppressive rulers and the Romans desired to rid themselves of their masters. In 509 BC, the son of the last king of Rome, Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, raped a noblewoman named Lucretia, and then Lucretia, out of her own humiliation, killed herself. Outraged, her family instigated a revolt that drove the royal house of the Tarquins out of Rome. Lucretia's husband, Lucius Tarquinius Collantis and one Lucius Junius Brutus became the first two consuls of a new republic which they founded. The office of the consul became the chief executive position in the Republic. The title of "king" became so despised that it remained a career-shattering charge until the rise of Julius Caesar and the end of the Republic.

The social structure of the Republic was basically divided between two main groups: the patricians, or the wealthy noble class, and the plebeians, the broad mass of peasant citizens. One's class was hereditary, meaning that even if one was lucky enough to be one of the few plebeians who became wealthy and rich, especially as a merchant, one was still considered a plebian. Likewise, some patricians had become almost poor towards the latter end of the Republic. The plebeians were often at odds with the patricians and the class conflict that was generated often saw the patrician nobles granting certain privileges, rights, and concessions to the plebeians in order to keep them under control. In 494 BC, the plebeians gained the right to elect two Tribunes, who held large amounts of control in the government of the Republic. Later, this number was expanded to ten. Finally, the plebeians were eventually allowed to elect a Concilium Plebis, or "Council of the Plebians" which gave them greater control in legal affairs. Towards the end of the Republic, a new group known as the equites became a powerful and potent force within the Republic, as the result of the actions of the Consul Tiberius Gracchus (more on him later). Note that only men, no matter what class, were able to have authority or hold a political position in Rome.